Sunday, December 26, 2010

Brahmotsavam Celebrations

On the first day, Dhwajarohana is conducted by hoisting the Garudadhwaja (flag with the emblem of a black garuda), near the Srivari Alaya Dhwajasthambham.
A spectacular procession of Lord Venkateswara on the Pedda Seshavahana is taken around the four streets of the main temple from 2200 hrs till midnight.
The meaning of Sesha is ‘to serve’. Adi Sesha is a thousand-headed serpent, on whom Lord Sri Maha Vishnu rests in his abode, Vaikuntam.
Tirumala Hills, the abode of Lord Sri Venkateswara, is believed to be the manifestation of Adisesha. In commemoration of this event, the Lord is carried in a procession around the streets of Tirumala on the Seshavahana (vehicle shaped like Adisesha) during the first two days of Brahmotsavam (Pedda Seshavahana and Chinna Seshavahana).

Saturdays and Sundays Seva

02:30 - 03:00 hrs     Suprabhatam
03:30 - 04:00 hrs     Tomala Seva (Ekantam)
04:00 - 04:15 hrs     Koluvu and Panchanga Sravanam
04:00 - 04:30 hrs
    First Archana Sahasranama Archana (Ekantam)
06:30 - 07:00 hrs     First Bell, Bali and Sattumura
07:00 - 07:30 hrs     Suddhi, Second Archana (Ekantam), Second Bell, etc.
07:30 - 19:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
12:00 - 17:00 hrs     Kalyanotsavam, Brahmotsavam, Vasanthotsavam, Unjal Seva
17:30 - 18:30 hrs     Sahasra Deepalankarana Seva
19:00 - 20:00 hrs     Suddhi, Night Kainkaryams (Ekantam) and Night Bell
20:00 - 01:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
01:00 - 01:30 hrs     Suddhi and preparations for Ekanta Seva
01:30 hrs                 Ekanta Seva

Special Seva: Abhishekam 04:30 - 06:00 hrs

02:30 - 03:00 hrs     Suprabhatam
03:00 - 04:30 hrs     Sallimpu, Suddhi, Nityakatla Kainkaryams, Morning I Bell and preparation for Abhishekam
04:30 - 06:00 hrs     Abhishekam and Nijapada Darsanam
06:00 - 07:00 hrs     Samarpana
07:00 - 08:00 hrs     Thomala Seva and Archana (Ekantham)
09:00 - 20:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
12:00 - 17:00 hrs     Kalyanotsavam, Brahmotsavam, Vasanthotsavam, Unjal Seva
18:00 - 20:00 hrs     Sahasra Deepalankarana Seva at Kolimi Mandapam and Procession along the Mada streets.
20:00 - 21:00 hrs     Suddhi, Night Kainkaryams, Night Bell, etc.
21:00 - 22:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
22:00 - 22:30 hrs     Suddhi and preparations for Ekanta Seva
22:30 hrs                 Ekanta Seva

Special Seva: Tiruppavada - 06:00 - 08:00 hrs and Poolangi Alankaram - 21:00 - 22:00 hrs

02:30 - 03:00 hrs     Suprabhatam
03:30 - 04:00 hrs     Tomala Seva
04:00 - 04:15 hrs     Koluvu and Panchanga Sravanam inside Bangaru Vakili
04:15 - 05:00 hrs
    1st Archana i.e., Sahasranama Archana and
06:00 - 07:00 hrs     Sallimpu, Second Archana (Ekantam), Tiruppavada, Second Bell
08:00 - 19:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
12:00 - 17:00 hrs     Kalyanotsavam, Brahmotsavam, Vasanthotsavam, Unjal Seva
17:30 - 18:30 hrs     Sahasra Deepalankarana Seva
19:00 - 21:00 hrs     Pedda Suddhi, Night Kainkaryams, Poolangi Alankaram and Night Bell
21:00 - 01:00 hrs     Poolangi Alankaram and Sarvadarsanam
01:00 - 01:30 hrs     Suddhi and preparations for Ekanta Seva
01:30 hrs                 Ekanta Seva

Special Seva: Sahasrakalasa Abhishekam 06:00 - 08:00 hrs

 02:30 - 03:00 hrs     Suprabhatam
03:30 - 04:00 hrs     Tomala Seva
04:00 - 04:15 hrs     Koluvu and Panchanga Sravanam inside Bangaru Vakili.
04:15 - 05:00 hrs
    1st Archana i.e., Sahasranama Archana and
06:00 - 08:00 hrs     Sahasrakalasa Abhishekam Second Archana (Ekantam) and Bell
09:30 - 19:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
12:00 - 17:00 hrs     Kalyanotsavam, Brahmotsavam, Vasanthotsavam, Unjal Seva
17:30 - 18:30 hrs     Sahasra Deepalankarana Seva
19:00 - 20:00 hrs     Suddhi, Night Kainkaryams and Night Bell
20:00 - 01:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
01:00 - 01:30 hrs     Suddhi and preparations for Ekanta Seva
01:30 hrs                 Ekanta Seva

Special Seva: Ashtadala Pada Padmaradhana 06:00 - 07:00 hrs

02:30 - 03:00 hrs     Suprabhatam
03:30 - 04:00 hrs     Tomala Seva
04:00 - 04:15 hrs     Koluvu and Panchanga Sravanam
04:15 - 05:00 hrs     First Archana i.e., Sahasranama Archana
06:00 - 07:00 hrs     Suddhi, Ashtadala Pada Padmaradhana Second Bell
07:00 - 19:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
12:00 - 17:00 hrs     Kalyanotsavam, Brahmotsavam, Vasanthotsavam, Unjal Seva
17:30 - 18:30 hrs     Sahasra Deepalankarana Seva
19:00 - 20:00 hrs     Suddhi, Night Kainkaryams (Ekantam) and Night Bell
20:00 - 01:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
01:00 - 01:30 hrs     Suddhi and preparations for Ekanta Seva
01:30 hrs                 Ekanta Seva
   

Sri Venkateswara Temple Programme

Special Seva - Vishesha Puja: 05:30 - 07:00 hrs
02:30 - 03:00 hrs     Suprabhatam
03:30 - 04:00 hrs     Tomala Seva
04:00 - 04:15 hrs     Koluvu and Panchanga Sravanam
04:15 - 05:00 hrs     First Archana i.e., Sahasranama Archana
05:30 - 06:30 hrs     Visesha Puja
07:00 - 19:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
12:00 - 17:00 hrs     Kalyanotsavam, Brahmotsavam, Vasanthotsavam, Unjal Seva
17:30 - 18:30 hrs     Sahasra Deepalankarana Seva*
19:00 - 20:00 hrs     Suddhi, Night Kainkaryams (Ekantam) and Night Bell
20:00 - 01:00 hrs     Sarvadarsanam
01:00 - 01:30 hrs     Suddhi and preparations for Ekanta Seva
01:30 hrs                 Ekanta Seva

Saturday, December 25, 2010

Sri Venkateswara Temple Tour

The Padi Kavali Maha Dwara or Outer Gopuram stands on a quadrangular base.
Its architecture is that of the later Chola period. The inscriptions on the gopuram belong to 13th century. There are a number of stucco figures of Vaishnava gods like Hanuman, Kevale Narasimha and Lakshmi Narasimha on the gopuram.








The path for circumambulating the temple is called a pradakshinam. The main temple has three prakarams. Between the outermost and middle prakarams is the second pathway for circumambulation known as the Sampangi Pradakshinam. Currently, this pathway is closed to pilgrims.
The Sampangi Pradakshinam contains several interesting mandapams like the Pratima Mandapam, Ranga Mandapam, Tirumala Raya Mandapam, Saluva Narasimha Mandapam, Aina Mahal and Dhvajasthambha Mandapam.

After passing through the Padi Kavali Maha Dvara, you will find yourself in an open mandapam called the Krishna Deva Raya Mandapam or Pratima Mandapam.
This mandapam gets its name from the pratimas or bronze portrait icons of the Vijayanagara emperor Krishnadevaraya and his two consorts, Tirumaladevi to his left, and Chinnadevi to his right. All three icons face the main shrine, with their hands joined in supplication.
In the southern wing of the Mandapam, is a statue of Venkatapathi Raya of the Aravidu dynasty, who ruled over Chandragiri around 1570 AD. To its side are stone statues of Achyutha Raya, who succeeded Krishna Deva Raya to the throne, and his wife Varadajiamma.
This Mandapam is believed to be built in later Vijayanagara times (early half of the 16th century). This Mandapam is full of exquisitely beautiful pictures of the Vijayanagara period like, Rama breaking the bow, Rama Pattabhishekam and Krishna Leela.
Sri Vaishnava symbols or the Urdhvapundras flanked by a conch and disc are carved at the top of the two main pillars of the Mandapam.

Temple Legends

Sri Venkatachala Mahatmya is referred to in several Puranas, of which the most important are the Varaha Purana and the Bhavishyottara Purana.
The printed work contains extracts from the Varaha Purana, Padma Purana, Garuda Purana, Brahmanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Harivamsa, Vamana Purana, Brahma Purana, Brahmottara Purana, Aditya Purana, Skanda Purana and Bhavishyottara Purana. Most of these extracts describe the sanctity and antiquity of the hills around Tirumala and the numerous teerthams situated on them.
The legends taken from the Venkatachala Mahatmya and the Varaha Purana, pertaining to the manifestation of the Lord at Tirumala, are of particular interest.
According to the Varaha Purana, Adi Varaha manifested Himself on the western bank of the Swami Pushkarini, while Vishnu in the form of Venkateswara came to reside on the southern bank of the Swami Pushkarini.
One day, Rangadasa, a staunch devotee of Vishnu, in the course of his pilgrimage, joined Vaikhanasa Gopinatha, who was going up the Tirumala Hill for the daily worship of Lord Venkateswara. After bathing in the Swami Pushkarini, he beheld the lotus-eyed and blue-bodied Vishnu beneath a tamarind tree. Vishnu was exposed to the sun, wind and rain and was only protected by the extended wings of Garuda.
Rangadasa was astounded by the wonderful sight. He raised a rough wall of stones around the deity, and started supplying flowers faithfully to Gopinatha everyday for Vishnu's worship.
One day, Rangadasa was distracted by a Gandharva king and his ladies. Consequently, he forgot to supply flowers to Gopinatha for Vishnu's worship. The Lord then revealed Himself and told Rangadasa that He had been testing the latter's continence, but Rangadasa had not been steadfast and had succumbed to temptation.
However, the Lord accepted and appreciated Rangadasa's devoted service to Him till then, and blessed Rangadasa that he would be reborn as an affluent ruler of a province and would enjoy the earthly pleasures. He would continue to serve the Lord, construct a beautiful temple with a vimana and high surrounding walls, and thereby earn eternal glory.
Rangadasa was reborn as Tondaman, the son of the royal couple, Suvira and Nandini. Tondaman enjoyed a pleasurable life as a young man. One day, he set out on a hunting expedition on the Tirumala Hill, and with the help of a forester, saw Vishnu under the tamarind tree. Tondaman returned home, deeply affected by the vision of Vishnu.
Tondaman later inherited his father's kingdom, Tondamandalam. In accordance with the directions given by Adi Varaha to a forester, Tondaman constructed a prakaram and dvara gopura, and arranged for regular worship of the Lord (according to Vaikhanasa Agama).
In the Kali Yuga, Akasaraja came to rule over Tondamandalam. His daughter Padmavathi was married to Venkateswara. The marriage, officiated by Brahma, was celebrated with great pomp and splendour.

Temple History

There is ample literary and epigraphic testimony to the antiquity of the temple of Lord Sri Venkateswara.
All the great dynasties of rulers of the southern peninsula have paid homage to Lord Sri Venkateswara in this ancient shrine. The Pallavas of Kancheepuram (9th century AD), the Cholas of Thanjavur (a century later), the Pandyas of Madurai, and the kings and chieftains of Vijayanagar (14th - 15th century AD) were devotees of the Lord and they competed with one another in endowing the temple with rich offerings and contributions. 

It was during the rule of the Vijayanagar dynasty that the contributions to the temple increased. Sri Krishnadevaraya had statues of himself and his consorts installed at the portals of the temple, and these statues can be seen to this day. There is also a statue of Venkatapati Raya in the main temple.
After the decline of the Vijayanagar dynasty, nobles and chieftains from all parts of the country continued to pay their homage and offer gifts to the temple. The Maratha general, Raghoji Bhonsle, visited the temple and set up a permanent endowment for the conduct of worship in the temple. He also presented valuable jewels to the Lord, including a large emerald which is still preserved in a box named after the General. Among the later rulers who have endowed large amounts are the rulers of Mysore and Gadwal.
After the fall of the Hindu kingdoms, the Muslim rulers of Karnataka and then the Britishers took over, and many of the temples came under their supervisory and protective control.
In 1843 AD, the East India Company divested itself of the direct management of non-Christian places of worship and native religious institutions. The administration of the shrine of Sri Venkateswara and a number of estates were then entrusted to Sri Seva Dossji of the Hatiramji Mutt at Tirumala, and the temple remained under the administration of the Mahants for nearly a century, till 1933 AD.
In 1933, the Madras Legislature passed a special act, which empowered the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams(TTD) Committee to control and administer a fixed group of temples in the Tirumala-Tirupati area, through a Commissioner appointed by the Government of Madras.
In 1951, the Act of 1933 was replaced by an enactment whereby the administration of TTD was entrusted to a Board of Trustees, and an Executive Officer was appointed by the Government .
The provisions of the Act of 1951 were retained by Charitable and Religious Endowments Act, 1966.

About the Tirupati Temple

The ancient and sacred temple of Sri Venkateswara is located on the seventh peak, Venkatachala (Venkata Hill) of the Tirupati Hill, and lies on the southern banks of Sri Swami Pushkarini.
It is by the Lord’s presidency over Venkatachala, that He has received the appellation, Venkateswara (Lord of the Venkata Hill). He is also called the Lord of the Seven Hills.
The temple of Sri Venkateswara has acquired unique sanctity in Indian religious lore. The Sastras, Puranas, Sthala Mahatyams and Alwar hymns unequivocally declare that, in the Kali Yuga, one can attain mukti, only by worshipping Venkata Nayaka or Sri Venkateswara.
The benefits acquired by a piligrimage to Venkatachala are mentioned in the Rig Veda and Asthadasa Puranas. In these epics, Sri Venkateswara is described as the great bestower of boons. There are several legends associated with the manifestation of the Lord at Tirumala.
The temple has its origins in Vaishnavism, an ancient sect which advocates the principles of equality and love, and prohibits animal sacrifice.
The sanctum sanctorum which houses the awe-inspiring idol of the Lord of the Seven Hills is situated in the main temple complex of Tirumala.